Mahāvagga (Vinaya)
Most of the current translations are AI-generated and have not been fully proofread. In the AI translation process, most suttas, most commentaries and some sub-commentaries have referred to the Myanmar Nissaya (word-by-word interpretation) and Myanmar translations. The translations as a whole are close to human translation quality and have considerable reference value; there is still room for improvement in accuracy and terminology consistency, and we will continue to improve and update periodically. Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa
Vinayapiṭake
Mahāvaggapāḷi
1. Mahākhandhako
1. Bodhikathā
1. [udā. 1 ādayo] Tena samayena buddho bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre bodhirukkhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho . Atha kho bhagavā bodhirukkhamūle sattāhaṃ ekapallaṅkena nisīdi vimuttisukhapaṭisaṃvedī [vimuttisukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedī (ka.)] . Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā paṭhamaṃ yāmaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṃ anulomapaṭilomaṃ manasākāsi – “ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā , saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ , viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ , nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ , saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso , phassapaccayā vedanā , vedanāpaccayā taṇhā , taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ , upādānapaccayā bhavo , bhavapaccayā jāti , jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti – evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti . “ Avijjāyatveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho , saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho , viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho , nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho , saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho , phassanirodhā vedanānirodho , vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho , taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho , upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho , bhavanirodhā jātinirodho , jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti – evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī ” ti .
Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –
“ Yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā ; Ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa ; Athassa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā ; Yato pajānāti sahetudhamma ” nti .
2. [udā. 2] Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā majjhimaṃ yāmaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṃ anulomapaṭilomaṃ manasākāsi – “ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā , saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ , viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ … pe … evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hotī … pe … nirodho hotī ” ti .
Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –
“ Yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā ; Ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa ; Athassa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā ; Yato khayaṃ paccayānaṃ avedī ” ti .
3. [udā. 3] Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā pacchimaṃ yāmaṃ paṭiccasamuppādaṃ anulomapaṭilomaṃ manasākāsi – “ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā , saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ , viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ … pe … evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti … pe … nirodho hotī ” ti .
Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –
“ Yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā ; Ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa ; Vidhūpayaṃ tiṭṭhati mārasenaṃ ; Sūriyova [suriyova (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] obhāsayamantalikkha ” nti .
Bodhikathā niṭṭhitā .
2. Ajapālakathā
4. [udā. 4] Atha kho bhagavā sattāhassa accayena tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhahitvā bodhirukkhamūlā yena ajapālanigrodho tenupasaṅkami , upasaṅkamitvā ajapālanigrodhamūle sattāhaṃ ekapallaṅkena nisīdi vimuttisukhapaṭisaṃvedī . Atha kho aññataro huṃhuṅkajātiko brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami . Upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi . Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi . Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho so brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – “ kittāvatā nu kho , bho gotama , brāhmaṇo hoti , katame ca pana brāhmaṇakaraṇā [brāhmaṇakārakā (ka.) brāhmaṇakarāṇā (?)] dhammā ” ti ? Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –
[netti. 103] Yo brāhmaṇo bāhitapāpadhammo ; Nihuṃhuṅko nikkasāvo yatatto ; Vedantagū vusitabrahmacariyo ; Dhammena so brahmavādaṃ vadeyya ; Yassussadā natthi kuhiñci loke ” ti .
Ajapālakathā niṭṭhitā .
3. Mucalindakathā
5. [udā. 11] Atha kho bhagavā sattāhassa accayena tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhahitvā ajapālanigrodhamūlā yena mucalindo tenupasaṅkami , upasaṅkamitvā mucalindamūle sattāhaṃ ekapallaṅkena nisīdi vimuttisukhapaṭisaṃvedī . Tena kho pana samayena mahā akālamegho udapādi , sattāhavaddalikā sītavātaduddinī . Atha kho mucalindo nāgarājā sakabhavanā nikkhamitvā bhagavato kāyaṃ sattakkhattuṃ bhogehi parikkhipitvā uparimuddhani mahantaṃ phaṇaṃ karitvā aṭṭhāsi – “ mā bhagavantaṃ sītaṃ , mā bhagavantaṃ uṇhaṃ , mā bhagavantaṃ ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphasso ” ti […siriṃ sapa… (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] . Atha kho mucalindo nāgarājā sattāhassa accayena viddhaṃ vigatavalāhakaṃ devaṃ viditvā bhagavato kāyā bhoge viniveṭhetvā sakavaṇṇaṃ paṭisaṃharitvā māṇavakavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā bhagavato purato aṭṭhāsi pañjaliko bhagavantaṃ namassamāno . Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –
[kathā. 338 kathāvatthupāḷiyampi] “ Sukho viveko tuṭṭhassa , sutadhammassa passato ; Abyāpajjaṃ sukhaṃ loke , pāṇabhūtesu saṃyamo .
[kathā. 338 kathāvatthupāḷiyampi] “ Sukhā virāgatā loke , kāmānaṃ samatikkamo ; Asmimānassa yo vinayo , etaṃ ve paramaṃ sukha ” nti .
Mucalindakathā niṭṭhitā .
4. Rājāyatanakathā
6. Atha kho bhagavā sattāhassa accayena tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhahitvā mucalindamūlā yena rājāyatanaṃ tenupasaṅkami , upasaṅkamitvā rājāyatanamūle sattāhaṃ ekapallaṅkena nisīdi vimuttisukhapaṭisaṃvedī . Tena kho pana samayena tapussa [tapassu (sī.)] bhallikā vāṇijā ukkalā taṃ desaṃ addhānamaggappaṭipannā honti . Atha kho tapussabhallikānaṃ vāṇijānaṃ ñātisālohitā devatā tapussabhallike vāṇije etadavoca – “ ayaṃ , mārisā , bhagavā rājāyatanamūle viharati paṭhamābhisambuddho ; gacchatha taṃ bhagavantaṃ manthena ca madhupiṇḍikāya ca patimānetha ; taṃ vo bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā ” ti . Atha kho tapussabhallikā vāṇijā manthañca madhupiṇḍikañca ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu , upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu . Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tapussabhallikā vāṇijā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – “ paṭiggaṇhātu no , bhante , bhagavā manthañca madhupiṇḍikañca , yaṃ amhākaṃ assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā ” ti . Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – “ na kho tathāgatā hatthesu paṭiggaṇhanti . Kimhi nu kho ahaṃ paṭiggaṇheyyaṃ manthañca madhupiṇḍikañcā ” ti ? Atha kho cattāro mahārājāno bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya catuddisā cattāro selamaye patte bhagavato upanāmesuṃ – “ idha , bhante , bhagavā paṭiggaṇhātu manthañca madhupiṇḍikañcā ” ti . Paṭiggahesi bhagavā paccagghe selamaye patte manthañca madhupiṇḍikañca , paṭiggahetvā paribhuñji . Atha kho tapussabhallikā vāṇijā bhagavantaṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ viditvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ ( onītapattapāṇiṃ viditvā bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ ) [( ) sī. syā. potthakesu natthi] etadavocuṃ – “ ete mayaṃ , bhante , bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca , upāsake no bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupete saraṇaṃ gate ” ti . Te ca loke paṭhamaṃ upāsakā ahesuṃ dvevācikā .
Rājāyatanakathā niṭṭhitā .
5. Brahmayācanakathā
7. [ayaṃ brahmayācanakathā dī. ni. 2.64 ādayo; ma. ni. 1.281 ādayo; ma. ni. 2.336 ādayo; saṃ. ni. 1.172 ādayo] Atha kho bhagavā sattāhassa accayena tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhahitvā rājāyatanamūlā yena ajapālanigrodho tenupasaṅkami . Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā ajapālanigrodhamūle viharati . Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – “ adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo . Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṃ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā . Ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṃ idaṃ ṭhānaṃ yadidaṃ idappaccayatāpaaccasamuppādo ; idampi kho ṭhānaṃ sududdasaṃ yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ . Ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ , pare ca me na ājāneyyuṃ , so mamassa kilamatho , sā mamassa vihesā ” ti . Apissu bhagavantaṃ imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṃsu pubbe assutapubbā –
“ Kicchena me adhigataṃ , halaṃ dāni pakāsituṃ ; Rāgadosaparetehi , nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho .
“ Paṭisotagāmiṃ nipuṇaṃ , gambhīraṃ duddasaṃ aṇuṃ ; Rāgarattā na dakkhanti , tamokhandhena āvuṭā [āvaṭā (sī.)] ” ti .
Itiha bhagavato paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati , no dhammadesanāya .
8. Atha kho brahmuno sahampatissa bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya etadahosi – “ nassati vata bho loko , vinassati vata bho loko , yatra hi nāma tathāgatassa arahato sammāsambuddhassa appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati [namissati (?)] , no dhammadesanāyā ” ti . Atha kho brahmā sahampati – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya , pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – brahmaloke antarahito bhagavato purato pāturahosi . Atha kho brahmā sahampati ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā dakkhiṇajāṇumaṇḍalaṃ pathaviyaṃ nihantvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – “ desetu , bhante , bhagavā dhammaṃ , desetu sugato dhammaṃ . Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā , assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti , bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro ” ti . Idamavoca brahmā sahampati , idaṃ vatvāna athāparaṃ etadavoca –
“ Pāturahosi magadhesu pubbe ; Dhammo asuddho samalehi cintito ; Apāpuretaṃ [avāpuretaṃ (sī.)] amatassa dvāraṃ ; Suṇantu dhammaṃ vimalenānubuddhaṃ .
“ Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito ; Yathāpi passe janataṃ samantato ; Tathūpamaṃ dhammamayaṃ sumedha ; Pāsādamāruyha samantacakkhu ; Sokāvatiṇṇaṃ janatamapetasoko ; Avekkhassu jātijarābhibhūtaṃ .
“ Uṭṭhehi vīra vijitasaṅgāma ; Satthavāha aṇaṇa [anaṇa (ka.)] vicara loke ; Desassu [desetu (ka.)] bhagavā dhammaṃ ; Aññātāro bhavissantī ” ti .
[[ ] sī. syā. potthakesu natthi, mūlapaṇṇāsakesu pāsarāsisutthe brahmayācanā sakiṃ yeva āgatā] [ Evaṃ vutte bhagavā brahmānaṃ sahampatiṃ etadavoca – “ mayhampi kho , brahme , etadahosi – ‘ adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo . Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṃ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā . Ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṃ idaṃ ṭhānaṃ yadidaṃ idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo ; idampi kho ṭhānaṃ sududdasaṃ yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ . Ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ , pare ca me na ājāneyyuṃ , so mamassa kilamatho , sā mamassa vihesā ’ ti . Apissu maṃ , brahme , imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṃsu pubbe assutapubbā –
‘ Kicchena me adhigataṃ , halaṃ dāni pakāsituṃ ; Rāgadosaparetehi , nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho .
‘ Paṭisotagāmiṃ nipuṇaṃ , gambhīraṃ duddasaṃ aṇuṃ ; Rāgarattā na dakkhanti , tamokhandhena āvuṭā ’ ti .
Itiha me , brahme , paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati no dhammadesanāyā ” ti .
Dutiyampi kho brahmā sahampati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – “ desetu , bhante , bhagavā dhammaṃ , desetu sugato dhammaṃ ; santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā , assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti , bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro ” ti . Idamavoca brahmā sahampati , idaṃ vatvāna athāparaṃ etadavoca –
“ Pāturahosi magadhesu pubbe ; Dhammo asuddho samalehi cintito ; Apāpuretaṃ amatassa dvāraṃ ; Suṇantu dhammaṃ vimalenānubuddhaṃ .
“ Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito ; Yathāpi passe janataṃ samantato ; Tathūpamaṃ dhammamayaṃ sumedha ; Pāsādamāruyha samantacakkhu ; Sokāvatiṇṇaṃ janatamapetasoko ; Avekkhassu jātijarābhibhūtaṃ .
“ Uṭṭhehi vīra vijitasaṅgāma ; Satthavāha aṇaṇa vicara loke ; Desassu bhagavā dhammaṃ ; Aññātāro bhavissantī ” ti .
Dutiyampi kho bhagavā brahmānaṃ sahampatiṃ etadavoca – “ mayhampi kho , brahme , etadahosi – ‘ adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo . Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṃ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā . Ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṃ idaṃ ṭhānaṃ yadidaṃ idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo ; idampi kho ṭhānaṃ sududdasaṃ yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ . Ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ , pare ca me na ājāneyyuṃ , so mamassa kilamatho , sā mamassa vihesā ’ ti . Apissu maṃ , brahme , imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṃsu pubbe assutapubbā –
‘ Kicchena me adhigataṃ , halaṃ dāni pakāsituṃ ; Rāgadosaparetehi , nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho .
‘ Paṭisotagāmiṃ nipuṇaṃ , gambhīraṃ duddasaṃ aṇuṃ ; Rāgarattā na dakkhanti , tamokhandhena āvuṭā ’ ti .
Itiha me , brahme , paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati , no dhammadesanāyā ” ti .
Tatiyampi kho brahmā sahampati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – “ desetu , bhante , bhagavā dhammaṃ , desetu sugato dhammaṃ . Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā , assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti , bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro ” ti . Idamavoca brahmā sahampati , idaṃ vatvāna athāparaṃ etadavoca –
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